Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Flood in Kaithal District Haryana, India

Abstract

Floods are reoccurring natural hazard. Major part of Kaithal district of Haryana, is drained by Ghaggar River and its tributaries and faces the problem of flood. All the tributaries of Ghaggar River meet in this region and brings huge amount of sediments and blocks the drains. Present study presents the outcome of flood frequency analysis using rainfall data and by integration of different parameters (slope, landform, soil, drainage and land use/land cover). Flood risk zone spatial analysis showing high, moderate and low flood risk zone is done using Remote Sensing & GIS techniques and discharged data is also considered. Frequency and recurrence interval shows that low to moderate flood risk is a regular phenomenon and extreme moderate to high flood occurs three or four times in two decades. High flood risk zone is found in northern part (Guhla block) and covers an area of about 19%, a large northern part of Kaithal district. Moderate flood risk zone is found in north along with the high flood risk zone and covers about 7% area. Remaining 74% of the study area is characterized by no/low flood risk zone.